What is the difference between cnidaria and porifera

Gemmules survive hostile environments and can attach to a substrate and grow into a new sponge. Sponges are monoecious or hermaphroditic , meaning one individual can produce both eggs and sperm. Sponges may be sequentially hermaphroditic, producing eggs first and sperm later. Eggs arise from amoebocytes and are retained within the spongocoel, whereas sperm arise from choanocytes and are ejected through the osculum. Sperm carried by water currents fertilize the eggs of other sponges.

Early larval development occurs within the sponge, and free-swimming larvae are then released through the osculum. This is the only time that sponges exhibit mobility. Sponges are sessile as adults and spend their lives attached to a fixed substrate. Watch this video that demonstrates the feeding of sponges. The phylum Cnidaria includes animals that show radial or biradial symmetry and are diploblastic.

Nearly all about 99 percent cnidarians are marine species. These cells are concentrated around the mouth and tentacles of the animal and can immobilize prey with toxins. Nematocysts contain coiled threads that may bear barbs.

The outer wall of the cell has a hairlike projection that is sensitive to touch. When touched, the cells fire the toxin-containing coiled threads that can penetrate and stun the predator or prey see [Figure 3].

Examples of the polyp form are freshwater species of the genus Hydra ; perhaps the best-known medusoid animals are the jellies jellyfish. Polyps are sessile as adults, with a single opening to the digestive system the mouth facing up with tentacles surrounding it.

Medusae are motile, with the mouth and tentacles hanging from the bell-shaped body. In other cnidarians, both a polyp and medusa form exist, and the life cycle alternates between these forms. All cnidarians have two tissue layers. The outer layer is called the epidermis , whereas the inner layer is called the gastrodermis and lines the digestive cavity. Between these two layers is a non-living, jelly-like mesoglea. There are differentiated cell types in each tissue layer, such as nerve cells, enzyme-secreting cells, and nutrient-absorbing cells, as well as intercellular connections between the cells.

However, organs and organ systems are not present in this phylum. The nervous system is primitive, with nerve cells scattered across the body in a network. The function of the nerve cells is to carry signals from sensory cells and to contractile cells. Groups of cells in the nerve net form nerve cords that may be essential for more rapid transmission. Cnidarians perform extracellular digestion , with digestion completed by intracellular digestive processes.

Food is taken into the gastrovascular cavity , enzymes are secreted into the cavity, and the cells lining the cavity absorb the nutrient products of the extracellular digestive process.

The gastrovascular cavity has only one opening that serves as both a mouth and an anus an incomplete digestive system. Like the sponges, Cnidarian cells exchange oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogenous wastes by diffusion between cells in the epidermis and gastrodermis with water. The phylum Cnidaria contains about 10, described species divided into four classes: Anthozoa, Scyphozoa, Cubozoa, and Hydrozoa. The class Anthozoa includes all cnidarians that exhibit a sessile polyp body plan only; in other words, there is no medusa stage within their life cycle.

Examples include sea anemones, sea pens, and corals, with an estimated number of 6, described species. Sea anemones are usually brightly colored and can attain a size of 1. Porifera is the name of the phylum that consists of sponges, the multicellular animals without most of the vital body organ systems such as nervous, digestive, or circulatory systems.

However, it may be fair enough to wonder whether they are animals. In fact, they are classified as animals since there are no cell walls around their body cells. Additionally, poriferans are heterotrophs, made of live cells, sexually reproduce. The interest about poriferans is very high due to the lack of the vital organ systems. However, the required nutrients to sustain life of poriferans are taken inside their bodies and transported through the body using their pores.

Sponges live by attached to a substrate; which means that they are sessile animals, and live in both freshwater and saltwater. However, the majority lives in the sea and few in freshwater. Sponges are found in a range of habitats including coastal zones as well as the deep-sea bottoms.

Their bodies do have neither a particular shape nor symmetry, but it is developed in such a way that increases the efficiency of water flow through the body. This quiz is incomplete! To play this quiz, please finish editing it. Delete Quiz. This quiz is From quizizz. The nervous system of cnidarians, responsible for tentacle movement, drawing of captured prey to the mouth, digestion of food, and expulsion of waste, is composed of nerve cells scattered across the body.

Anthozoa, Scyphozoa, Cubozoa, and Hydrozoa make up the four From courses. Some toxinological information is highlighted focusing on dangerous species like sea anemones and box jellyfish.

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